Scientists discover a hidden gut bacterium linked to good health

Researchers at the University of Cambridge led a large international study that identified a group of gut bacteria called CAG-170. The bacteria appear at higher levels in healthy people and at lower levels in individuals with chronic conditions including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and chronic fatigue syndrome. The team examined gut microbiome samples from more than 11,000 people in 39 countries. CAG-170 is identified only by its genetic signature, as most of the bacteria have not been grown in laboratory conditions. Genetic analysis showed the bacteria produce large amounts of vitamin B12 and enzymes that break down carbohydrates, sugars, and fibers in the gut. Researchers believe the vitamin B12 supports other beneficial bacteria and helps maintain the overall gut ecosystem. The findings indicate that CAG-170 could serve as a marker for gut microbiome health. The study also suggests potential for developing probiotics to support healthy levels of the bacteria. Dr. Alexandre Almeida of the University of Cambridge Department of Veterinary Medicine led the research, which was published in the journal Cell Host and Microbe.