Kubernetes benchmarks show SSD swap triples Python sandbox density

Benchmarks published on the Kubernetes blog found that moving dormant memory to local SSD swap increased concurrent isolated Python sessions from 80 to 240 on the tested infrastructure. Browser tests also doubled gVisor sandbox capacity from 80 to 160 pods. Swap frees physical memory by moving inactive data to disk. Kubernetes supports separate swap accounting through cgroup v2, helping operators control containers' disk-backed memory use. The gains depend on workload behavior. Reducing a kernel-build container's memory limit from 600 MB to 300 MB caused no slowdown, but cutting it to 200 MB increased execution time by over 40%. At peak sandbox density, CPU competition increased latency.