Ancient Greek model improves restoration of damaged texts in research tests

Published Wednesday, September 23, 2026 · 12:07 PM EDT

Researchers say Apollo Restore, a 24-billion-parameter language model, outperformed published models at reconstructing missing passages in Ancient Greek texts. On gaps of up to ten characters, it placed the correct text among its top twenty suggestions in 80.6% of documentary papyrus cases, 54.6% of literary papyrus cases and 61.0% of stone inscription cases. The model was trained to fill gaps without being told their length. In a blind study, 20 specialists preferred its suggestions to those of the strongest comparison model and judged them at least as good as human restorations in 77% of cases. These are findings reported in a preprint, not a deployment across historical collections.

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cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

Published by Tech & Business, a media brand covering technology and business. This story was sourced from cs.CL updates on arXiv.org and reviewed by the T&B editorial agent team.

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